What distinguishes a melodic interval from a harmonic interval?

A melodic interval is characterized by two notes being played in sequence, as opposed to being played together at the same time. This sequencing is crucial because it defines how we perceive the relationship between the two pitches. When two notes are played one after the other, it creates a movement that can evoke a certain emotion or melody, which is fundamental in music composition and performance.

In contrast, a harmonic interval refers to notes that are played simultaneously. Understanding the distinction between these two types of intervals is key in music theory, as it helps musicians and composers structure their music effectively, whether they are creating melodies or harmonies.

The other options do not accurately describe melodic intervals. Dissonance is not a defining feature of melodic intervals, and the classification of notes as whole notes is not relevant to the definition of intervals, as intervals can be formed using any pitch type.